Understanding Bisexuality: A Comprehensive Guide

Bisexuality is one of the most misunderstood and underrepresented identities within the LGBTQIA+ community. Despite bisexual people making up the largest portion of the community, misconceptions, stereotypes, and stigma continue to obscure their experiences and realities.

From being dismissed as "just a phase" to facing erasure in both queer and heterosexual spaces, bisexual individuals navigate unique challenges that impact their visibility, well-being, and sense of belonging.

In this guide, we’ll explore the fundamentals of bisexuality, debunk common myths, delve into its rich history and cultural significance, and provide actionable ways to support and affirm bisexual individuals. Whether you're bisexual yourself, questioning, or an ally seeking to learn more, this resource will help foster understanding and inclusivity.

What Is Bisexuality?

Bisexuality is a sexual orientation in which an individual experiences attraction to more than one gender. While often misunderstood or misrepresented, bisexuality is a valid and diverse identity that exists across cultures and generations.

Key Definitions

• Traditional Definition: Attraction to both men and women.

• Inclusive Definition: Attraction to two or more genders or attraction that is not limited by gender.

The modern understanding of bisexuality embraces fluidity, recognizing that attraction can manifest in different ways for different people. Some bisexual individuals may experience varying levels of attraction to different genders over time, while others may find their attraction remains consistent.

Ultimately, bisexuality is about personal identity, and each person has the right to define their experience in a way that feels authentic to them.

Bisexuality Myths and Facts

Bisexuality is often misunderstood due to widespread myths and stereotypes. These misconceptions contribute to stigma, erasure, and invalidation of bisexual identities.

Let’s break down some of the most common myths and the truths behind them:

Myth 1: Bisexuality Is “Just a Phase”

Fact: Bisexuality is a valid and enduring sexual orientation. While some people may explore different labels before settling on what feels right for them, many bisexual individuals identify as bisexual for their entire lives. The assumption that bisexuality is a temporary identity dismisses the lived experiences of countless bisexual people.

Myth 2: Bisexual People Are More Likely to Cheat

Fact: A person’s sexual orientation has nothing to do with their ability to be faithful. Infidelity is a personal choice, not an inherent trait of bisexuality. Bisexual individuals are just as capable of maintaining committed monogamous relationships as people of any other orientation.

Myth 3: Bisexual People Must Be Equally Attracted to All Genders

Fact: Attraction varies among bisexual individuals. Some may experience stronger attraction to one gender over another, but this does not invalidate their bisexual identity. Bisexuality is about experiencing attraction to more than one gender, not about having equal attraction to all genders at all times.

Myth 4: Bisexual People Are Half Gay, Half Straight

Fact: Bisexuality is its own distinct identity, not a mix of being gay and straight. This misconception reinforces the idea that bisexual people must "pick a side," rather than acknowledging that bisexuality exists as a legitimate orientation on its own.

Myth 5: Bisexuality Only Includes Attraction to Men and Women

Fact: Many bisexual individuals use an inclusive definition of bisexuality, meaning they experience attraction to two or more genders, rather than just men and women. Bisexuality is often described as being gender-expansive, overlapping with other multi-gender attractions such as pansexuality.

By challenging these myths, we can foster a greater understanding of bisexuality and create a more accepting and inclusive world for bisexual individuals.

Bisexual Erasure and Its Impact

Bisexual erasure, also known as biphobia, refers to the denial, invalidation, or dismissal of bisexual identities. This can occur in both LGBTQIA+ and straight communities, leading to feelings of invisibility and exclusion. Erasure can be subtle - such as assuming a bisexual person in a same-gender relationship is gay or a bisexual person in a different-gender relationship is straight - or it can be overt, with people claiming that bisexuality doesn’t exist at all.

Examples of Bisexual Erasure

• Stereotypes and Misconceptions: Dismissing bisexuality as a phase or insisting that bisexual individuals are “just confused.”

• Media Representation: Bisexual characters in TV and film are often depicted as promiscuous, unfaithful, or eventually "choosing" one gender, reinforcing harmful narratives.

• Healthcare Bias: Medical professionals may ignore or misunderstand the unique health concerns of bisexual individuals, leading to gaps in care and support.

• LGBTQIA+ Spaces: Some bisexual individuals face skepticism or exclusion from both queer and straight communities, reinforcing a sense of not fully belonging anywhere.

Effects of Erasure

The consequences of bisexual erasure are profound and can significantly impact mental health and well-being. Studies show that bisexual individuals experience:

• Higher rates of anxiety and depression due to invalidation and invisibility.

• Increased isolation from both LGBTQIA+ and straight communities, leading to a lack of support networks.

• Barriers to healthcare and mental health resources due to providers dismissing bisexuality or making incorrect assumptions about their needs.

Bisexual erasure not only affects individuals but also perpetuates harmful societal attitudes that make it harder for bisexual people to be open about their identities. Recognizing and challenging bisexual erasure is an essential step in fostering inclusivity and affirming the diverse experiences of bisexual individuals.

The History of Bisexuality

Early References

The concept of bisexuality has existed for centuries, with historical evidence showing that attraction to multiple genders was acknowledged in many cultures:

• Ancient Greece and Rome: Same-sex relationships were widely accepted, often coexisting with different-gender partnerships. Many historical figures, including Alexander the Great and the Roman Emperor Hadrian, had relationships with both men and women.

• Indigenous Cultures: Many Indigenous societies around the world recognized fluid sexualities and gender identities. Two-Spirit identities in some Native American cultures embraced non-binary expressions of both gender and attraction.

• Eastern Traditions: In Japan, historical texts from the Edo period describe romantic and sexual relationships between men, particularly among samurai, alongside heterosexual relationships.

Bisexuality in Modern History

19th and Early 20th Century:

• The study of human sexuality began gaining traction, with figures like Sigmund Freud and Magnus Hirschfeld discussing sexual fluidity. However, these early views often framed bisexuality as a developmental phase rather than a legitimate identity.

• In the early 20th century, psychologist Alfred Kinsey introduced the Kinsey Scale, which measured sexual orientation on a spectrum rather than as fixed categories of "gay" or "straight." His research helped validate bisexual experiences and showed that many people experienced attraction to more than one gender.

The 1970s and the Rise of Bisexual Activism:

• The bisexual rights movement gained momentum alongside the broader LGBTQIA+ rights movement.

• Activist Brenda Howard, often called the "Mother of Pride," helped organize the first Pride March in 1970 and played a key role in advocating for bisexual visibility.

• The Bisexual Manifesto was published in 1990, explicitly rejecting the idea that bisexual people must be equally attracted to all genders and emphasizing the legitimacy of bisexuality as its own identity.

Throughout history, bisexuality has often been overlooked or misunderstood, but its presence has always been integral to LGBTQIA+ activism and cultural movements. Recognizing and learning from this history is crucial in continuing the fight for bi+ visibility and equality today.

Cultural Representation of Bisexuality

Bisexual representation in media and culture has steadily improved, but challenges persist. Historically, bisexuality has been misrepresented or erased altogether, but in recent years, more authentic portrayals have emerged.

Positive Representations

Television & Film:

• Rosa Diaz (Brooklyn Nine-Nine): A rare example of a bisexual character whose identity is explicitly stated and explored in a nuanced way.

• David Rose (Schitt’s Creek): His famous "I like the wine, not the label" metaphor helped explain bisexuality in an accessible and affirming way.

• Callie Torres (Grey’s Anatomy): One of the longest-running bisexual characters on TV, navigating both romantic and personal struggles in a way that resonated with many viewers.

• Harley Quinn (Harley Quinn, Birds of Prey): Her relationship with Poison Ivy in various adaptations has helped increase bisexual visibility in mainstream comics and media.

• Nick Nelson (Heartstopper): Nick’s journey of discovering and accepting his bisexuality in Heartstopper is portrayed with sensitivity and realism. As a beloved character, his storyline has resonated with many viewers, especially those grappling with their own identities. Nick's coming-out process and the exploration of his feelings for both boys and girls highlight the complexities of bisexuality and provide valuable representation for young people.

Music & Celebrity Advocacy:

• Artists like Janelle Monáe, Lady Gaga, and Halsey have openly discussed their bisexuality, helping to normalize and celebrate the identity.

• Actors such as Alan Cumming, Stephanie Beatriz, and Sara Ramirez have used their platforms to advocate for bisexual visibility.

• Brendon Urie of Panic! At The Disco has also spoken about his attraction beyond gender, further breaking down barriers in the music industry.

The Need for More Representation

Despite progress, bisexual characters and public figures still face challenges:

• Underrepresentation: Bisexual characters are far less common than gay or lesbian ones in media.

• Harmful Stereotypes: Bisexual characters are often portrayed as promiscuous, unfaithful, or "confused," reinforcing damaging misconceptions.

• Erasure in Storytelling: Many characters who exhibit bisexual behavior are never explicitly labeled as bisexual, leaving their identity ambiguous or erased.

Authentic, complex portrayals of bisexuality are crucial to challenging stigma and fostering greater understanding. While recent representation has made strides, there is still work to be done to ensure bisexual people see their experiences fully reflected in culture and media.

Understanding Bisexual Identity Today

Bisexuality is a diverse and dynamic sexual orientation that encompasses a wide range of experiences. While it is commonly defined as attraction to more than one gender, the understanding of bisexuality is nuanced and can vary from person to person. Here are some key aspects to consider:

Bisexuality and Fluidity

Bisexuality is not a static or rigid identity. Many individuals who identify as bisexual acknowledge that their attractions can evolve over time. This fluidity is a natural and valid part of human sexuality, allowing people to experience attraction in different ways depending on personal circumstances, emotions, or relationships. For some, bisexuality means being attracted to multiple genders equally, while for others, their attraction may shift between genders throughout their life. This flexibility emphasizes that bisexuality is an ongoing and evolving aspect of someone's identity, not something that can be confined to a fixed definition.

Intersectionality in Bisexuality

For many bisexual individuals, their experiences are shaped not only by their sexual orientation but also by other aspects of their identity, such as race, gender, disability, or socioeconomic status. Intersectionality refers to the interconnected nature of these identities and how they overlap to create unique experiences of privilege or oppression.

• BIPOC and Bisexuality: Bisexual individuals who are Black, Indigenous, or people of color (BIPOC) often face additional layers of discrimination, both within the LGBTQIA+ community and in wider society. They may encounter racism alongside biphobia, which can make it harder to access support and resources.

• Disability and Bisexuality: Bisexual people with disabilities face the challenge of navigating both ableism and biphobia. The stigma surrounding disability can often intersect with the erasure of bisexual identities, making it harder for these individuals to find affirmation and acceptance.

• Low-Income Bisexual Individuals: Economic disparities can also compound the challenges faced by bisexual individuals. Access to mental health services, healthcare, and community spaces may be limited for those who face financial barriers. In such cases, issues like mental health and healthcare disparities can become even more pronounced.

Bisexual individuals within marginalized communities often experience compounded stigma, making it vital to consider these overlapping identities when discussing bisexuality. Understanding these intersecting factors helps to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for all bisexual people.

How to Support Bisexual Individuals

Supporting bisexual individuals goes beyond accepting their identity - it involves advocating for their rights, ensuring their visibility, and standing against the biases they often face. Here are some meaningful ways you can offer your support:

Validate Their Identity

One of the most important ways to support bisexual individuals is by validating their identity. Avoid questioning or invalidating their experiences. Phrases like “You’re just confused” or “You’ll eventually pick a side” can be deeply hurtful and reinforce harmful stereotypes. Recognizing bisexuality as a valid and legitimate identity is crucial to making individuals feel accepted and understood. Respect their experiences and allow them to define their own sexual orientation without judgment.

Educate Yourself

Understanding bisexual experiences is a key component of being an effective ally. Educate yourself by reading books, articles, and personal accounts from bisexual individuals. The more you learn, the better equipped you will be to challenge stereotypes and reduce unconscious biases. By taking the time to understand the nuances of bisexuality, you also demonstrate a genuine commitment to allyship.

Advocate for Bisexual Visibility

Bisexual visibility is a critical part of creating an inclusive environment for bisexual individuals. Support campaigns like Bisexual Health Awareness Month in March, which aims to bring attention to the unique health disparities and challenges faced by bisexual people. Additionally, Bisexual Visibility Day on September 23rd is another important occasion to celebrate bisexuality and raise awareness of bisexual issues. Actively participating in these observances and sharing resources can contribute to amplifying bisexual voices and experiences.

Combat Erasure

Bisexual erasure - the dismissal or invalidation of bisexual identities - occurs frequently in both LGBTQIA+ and heterosexual spaces. Challenge biphobia and erasure when you encounter it. Speak up when harmful stereotypes or myths are perpetuated, whether in casual conversations, social media, or media representations. Support bisexual individuals by ensuring that their identity is recognized and respected, not minimized or misunderstood. It’s vital to help dismantle these harmful stereotypes and foster a more inclusive environment.

Supporting bisexual individuals requires a commitment to respecting their identity, learning about their experiences, and actively fighting for greater visibility and acceptance. Together, we can create a world where bisexuality is celebrated, understood, and embraced.

Resources for Bisexual Individuals and Allies

1. Bisexual Resource Center (BRC): Offers educational resources and community support.

2. PFLAG: Provides support for bisexual individuals and their families.

3. The Trevor Project: Offers mental health resources for LGBTQ+ youth.

Why Bisexuality Awareness Matters

Understanding bisexuality is not just about recognizing a sexual orientation - it’s about creating a more inclusive, supportive, and accepting society. When bisexual identities are validated and celebrated, individuals feel empowered to live authentically and without fear of judgment or erasure. Bisexuality awareness helps break down the myths, stereotypes, and biases that perpetuate discrimination and exclusion.

Raising awareness fosters a world where bisexual people can thrive in every aspect of life—whether in their personal relationships, workplaces, or communities. By acknowledging the diversity within the bisexual community and ensuring they have the support and resources they need, we create a culture where everyone is seen and valued for who they are.

Combating bisexual erasure - where bisexual identities are ignored or minimized - helps create spaces where bisexual individuals can openly express their true selves. It’s essential to advocate for the visibility, representation, and respect of bisexual people, ensuring they are not only accepted but celebrated.

By fostering awareness, challenging misconceptions, and amplifying bisexual voices, we can build a world where bisexual individuals feel empowered, supported, and celebrated. Together, we can help everyone feel seen, heard, and valued for who they are, creating a more inclusive future for all.